P04 P05 P07 P08 P22 P23 R03 R13 Select a code to see the details QUICK REFERENCE Time to respond: 20 days from date of chargeback. A customer payment dispute, more commonly called a “chargeback,” happens when a cardholder disputes (challenges) a payment card transaction and asks the card-issuing bank to reverse it. Jan 2020_Chargeback Reason Code Encyclopedia - Free download as PDF File (. P08 – Duplicate Charge. 195 Acquirer Use of Message Reason Code 7627-Face-to-Face or CAT Level 2 Transac tion. Here’s how your store can prevent and deal with chargebacks. American Express chargeback reason code P05 falls under the “Processing Errors” category. most common reason codes for recurring merchants include: 7. They are provided to the merchant by the issuing bank, and they help all involved parties categorize disputes and determine next steps. Most acquiring banks put a timeframe on when customers can initiate a chargeback for a purchase. May 2011: 5. Discover Chargeback Reason Codes Explained. All online retailers have to deal with at least some false positives. P04 Charge Processed as Credit (Chargeback) WHAT IT MEANS CATEGORY A merchant needed to charge an. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim. Fortunately, chargeback reason codes make it easy for merchants to understand the cause of chargebacks. Fortunately, chargeback reason codes make it easy for merchants to understand the cause of chargebacks. While the format of chargeback reason codes varies depending on the card network, all codes are alphanumeric. American Express chargeback reason code P03 falls under the “Processing Errors” category. reason codes. Those reasons are explained through the corresponding reason codes. It also regulates the way banks must respond to consumer complaints and sets limits on liability for lost or stolen debit cards. About Us; Careers We're hiring! In The Press; Latest News; Events; Corporate Responsibility; Brand Resources; Contact Us. Expedited Dispute Resolution forms will not be allowed. /HealthCare IIAS Auto-sub Data Retrieval Request 70 Int'l only Effective Change Date AMEX F24 FR4 FR5 M01 M04 M10 P01 P04 P05 R03 R13 Duplicate Billing Captial damages M19 Offset adjustment Non-Matching Account Number Late. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim is validSTEP #7: Bank Review & Decisioning. 1. On the home screen, tap “Disputes. 10. prenotification of chargeback, depending on the chargeback reason code, to the agency requesting additional documentation to properly dispute and remedy the chargeback. Chargeback Reason Codes Fraud – Card-Not-Present (CNP) Network Reason Code Bank Initiation Timeframe Accel 81 120 calendar days from transaction processing date American Express FR2, F14, F24, F29 120 calendar days from transaction processing date Discover 4752 AA, 7030 UA02 Within 30 calendar days from the close date of the TRR The client will send this dispute to Paymentology’s Global support team via email – [email protected] chargeback reason code 4540. P22 – Non-Matching Card Number. 1. American Express Chargeback Reason Codes – Chargeback Expertz. Chargeback reason codes are set by the card networks and used by card issuers to categorize chargebacks. Added the following fields - Store ID, Credit Card Chargeback Reason Code. May 2011: 5. It is subject to change and may not include every currently known dispute reason code. This reason code indicates that the merchant processed a transaction without first obtaining a correct and valid authorization approval. Select a tab to see the possible reason codes for each dispute event category, divided by scheme. For each reason code, a definition is provided along with the merchant’s actions—or failure to act—that may have caused the chargeback,Consider using all the tools available to you—including Visa Secure, card security code (CVV2), and Address Verification Service (AVS). This definitive guide includes the chargeback reason codes coming each of the four greater menu networks. P04 P05 P07 P08 P22 P23 R03 R13 Select a code to see the details QUICK REFERENCE Time to respond: 20 days from date of chargeback. 4808 Authorization-Related Chargeback. 10/21/14 Updated Chargeback Time Frames: Added Reason Code 05; Addendum Reason Code PM; Changed TF time frame from 120 days to 540 days. The usual period that card networks will accept chargeback disputes is up to 120 days from the date of the settlement for the charge. Discover: Reason Code 4755 Non-receipt of goods or services. A reason code or a chargeback reason code is a string of symbols (numbers and letters). P04: Pending: A re-tried payment is pending settlement. Additionally, Amex uses a fifth "Miscellaneous" category. Managing Reason Code 41 chargebacks. The Merchant Reviews the Partial Chargeback Claim. Codes are not often shared between issuers which means it can be difficult to remember the details of each. 3 falls under the “Authorization” category. This authoritative guide includes the chargeback reason key from each from the four major card netz. A “No Authorization” code chargeback can also be the. Use order validation and prevention alerts. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond to the chargeback. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond to the chargeback. ECM monitors first presentment chargebacks regardless of reason code or transaction type. Solutions. For example, your trading name on the receipt differs to that on their statement. List and additional information about all reason codes by card brand. Note: Fraud is generally the most common chargeback dispute reason. 10301. 3: Not as described or defective merchandise: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. Reason Code 53 Re-presentment Conditions. Visa Code # MasterCard Code # Reason. Expedited Dispute Resolution forms will not be allowed. Importance of Chargeback Reason Codes Reason Code P04 Category Processing Error Claim The cardholder claims the merchant should have processed a regular transaction on their card, but instead, the merchant credited their account. 4: . American Express is incentivized to keep their customers happy. 00 in chargebacks. Vendors that do not have a well-drafted shipping and order fulfillment policy are susceptible to this category of Shopify chargebacks. 04/09/14 Discover: DC, U02. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond. Here’s how your store can prevent and deal with chargebacks. It is associated with a chargeback reason code, and it is specific per Card Scheme. 104. Knowing these codes is vital for merchants to understand the reason for chargebacks and how to manage them. Find your dispute ticket by choosing between the “Open” and “Closed” tabs. 1for chargeback reason code 4863 (Cardholder Does Not Recognize). The agency must provide this documentation to Vantiv (via mail, fax, online/scanning) within 30 calendar days after the report date on the Visa/MasterCard. A chargeback occurs when a charge on a customer’s account is reversed. About Discover chargeback reason codes. 2 chargeback if you override a declined, referral, or pickup authorization message, but process the transaction anyway. These symbols stand for reasons why a financial institution may file a credit card chargeback from their client’s name. 3 falls under the “Authorization” category. Reason. In the distribution industry,. Save finalize leaders includes the chargeback good codes off each of the four major card networks. This reason code is used when a cardholder claims that the merchant charged them for a different amount than what they agreed to pay. So the company has more incentive to side with customer during cardholder. 2: 10: Fraud:MDR also retired reason code 4840 – Fraudulent Processing of Transactions. MASTERCARD Reason Code Description. Depending on. Reason Code 53 Re-presentment Conditions. Chargeback Reason Code 30 - Services Not Provided or Merchandise Not Received The chargeback time limit is calculated based on one of the following: 120 calendar days after the transaction processing date 120 calendar days after the last date the cardholder expected to receive the goods or services (not to exceed 540 days of the transaction. Once you submit the documentation to Wave, our Disputes Resolution Team will work on the case, and submit the required information to the bank on your behalf. The shorthand description is “Goods/Services Not as Described. The newer system is designed to. In that way, winning one dispute may help prevent the next chargeback to come after it. The terminal action codes are in Table 122 of the 4. 60 due to merchandise, fees, overhead, and other sources of loss. Cardholders can dispute digital goods transactions of $25 or less (or the equivalent in local currency) if certain purchase controls were not put. C02 | C04 | C05 | C08 | C14 | C18 | C28 | C31. P01 – Unassigned Card Number. Card Brand Code Description Days to Dispute. EMV Liability Shift Non-Counterfeit Fraud. LP – Late Presentation; IN – Invalid Card. For each claim, you must craft your representment to suit the reason code under which the bank filed the chargeback. Chargeback Base Codes by Network - 2023 Guide. 2 chargebacks are frequently caused by customers forgetting to cancel a subscription before the next billing and then going to their bank to try to get their money back. Visa requires processors and banks use to this system for multiple tasks, including challenging initial chargeback results. 1? Visa chargeback reason code 12. Card issuers and card networks deem certain chargeback codes to be nearly indisputable by merchants, and as a result, a merchant can be charged a fee of up to $500 by card networks for submitting a dispute of such chargebacks. You’ll see that all chargebacks ultimately stem from one of three causes: merchant error, criminal fraud, or friendly fraud. Each chargeback reason has its own, individual prevention techniques. Everything You Need to Know (2023) Shopify POS has everything you need to sell in person, backed by everything you need to sell online. The reason_code will be one of the following values: chargeback_reimbursement: The gross shows positive if the chargeback was resolved in the seller's favor, and the seller gets a refund. Merchant processed transaction below floor limit without authorization. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond to the chargeback. Code 4807: Fraudulent Card-Present Transaction. At their core, false declines. . Message. Most Common Chargeback Reason Codes #3: Order Significantly Not as Described. 3. P04 – Charge Processed as Credit. Processing Errors involve chargeback and disputes revolving around processing issues, late presentment, credit processed as charge, invalid card numbers, no show errors, incorrect charge amounts. 10. Cardholders can dispute digital goods transactions of $25 or less (or the equivalent in local currency) if certain purchase controls were not put. 9% with at least 100 total disputes. 1: Services not provided or merchandise not received: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. Chargeback reason American Express reason code Discover reason code Mastercard reason code Visa reason code; Cancelled subscription: C28: NF: 4841: 13. On the other hand, PayPal—which can serve as a credit card processor for merchants—allows buyers up to 180 days to file a claim. If you're contesting a chargeback, you'll need solid evidence. If your chargeback ratio is high [i. Reason codes are alphanumeric codes that provide the justification for granting a chargeback. While the format of chargeback reason codes varies. Try Shopify free for 3 days, no credit card required. Additionally, one clearing transaction. Recurring billing transactions are a frequent source of conflict, disputes, and. Updated the following columns - card type, response due date. 2. Complete Guide to Visa Compelling Evidence Update CE 3. Status values starting with the letter R are NACHA specification reject and return reason codes that indicate that the consumer portion of the payment has been returned (typically a closed bank account, invalid bank account, insufficient. UA10 Request Transaction Receipt (swiped card transactions) UA11 Cardholder claims fraud (swiped transaction, no signature)Get definitive guide includes the chargeback reason codes from all of the to majority card networks. 4: Other fraud: Card-absent environment: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. These codes can help a merchant with an inquiry or chargeback reversal. Reference these when rebutting cardholder disputes at your small business. Select the value “open”. Click “add filter”. (P04) Description. Other Fraud—Card Absent Environment. There are many reasons why a chargeback occurs, with over 100 reason codes listed across the major credit card brands. 2=1020 etc. 3 falls under the “Consumer Disputes” category. Chargeback time limits vary widely depending on the issuing bank, and the chargeback code or reason. 1 falls under the “Processing Errors” category. Sometimes, customers get wrongly debited due to manual data entry errors by the merchant’s team. Removed these Discover Chargeback Codes: AL, CA, IC, IS, NC, SV, U03, UNR. Visa has recently announced changes to its chargeback rules. The time limits for responding to a chargeback also vary based on the card scheme and the chargeback reason code. 105. Reason codes vary by card brand. 1=1010, 10. Common reason codes Mastercard. The main chargeback reasons look like this: Malicious fraud. Most reason codes apply to any merchant, regardless of what’s being sold. A03: A valid six digit authorization code was not provided in your submission file. 2. Fraud (10)& Authorization (11)A false decline on a credit card or debit transaction occurs when a legitimate card purchase is rejected by mistake. P07 – Late Submission. Aforementioned definitive guide includes and chargeback reason codes from each of the four major bill networks. 65% with at least 75 total disputes. A reason code helps explain why a transaction was disputed. It’s generally a good idea to be. Response to retrieval request: Based on the information provided, the acquiring and issuing banks resolve the dispute, if possible. 2 EMV Liability Shift. The actual underlying cause of this chargeback is usually either true fraud or friendly fraud. The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount of the charge. And according to The True Cost of Fraud report by LexisNexis, businesses end up paying $3. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond to the chargeback. Common Point of Purchase: Data stolen from a merchant’s system is used to make fraudulent transactions. VCR Dispute Reason Code 10. The sales receipt and/or date and amount of the authorization if other than the transaction date. A Product Not Delivered chargeback means the customer believes they did not receive the goods or services they purchased. These chargebacks occur to resolve chargeback-related disputes between network members. The cardholder may be the customer or the someone who lent their card to a friend or relative. 9% with at least 100 total disputes. Find out the hidden impact of chargeback reason codes. Older time limits for disputes. many chargeback reason codes that exist today. In most cases, the bank chooses a course of action based on information the cardholder provides. P01 – Unassigned Card Number. Documentation must be a direct result of cardholder communication. non_receipt: The buyer claims they didn't get the goods or services. This definitive guide includes the chargeback rationale codes from each of to four major card networks. Also, remember that the time frame for your response includes any processing required by the acquirer. When faced with a chargeback, you are Business owners accepting debit or credit cards understand that chargebacks are a common phenomenon in their businesses. This may include: Transaction receipts; Merchant credentials; Customer authorizationREQUEST A DEMO. 101. many chargeback reason codes that exist today. Reason codes are alphanumeric codes that provide the justification for granting a chargeback. Code Reason; 01: Requested Transaction Data Not Received: 02: Requested item illegible: 07: Warning Bulletin File: 08: Requested/Required Authorization Not Obtained: 12: Account Number Not on File: 31: Transaction Amount Differs: 34:This category of fraudulent chargeback is represented with the following reason codes: AMEX - C08 Goods/Services Not Received or Only Partially Received. 1: 10: Fraud: EMV Liability Shift Non-counterfeit Fraud: 10. chargeback_settlement: The gross shows negative if the chargeback was resolved in the buyer's favor, and the funds return to the buyer. American Express Chargeback Reason Codes have four main categories, those are Fraud, Authorization, Processing Error, Card Member Disputes and Miscellaneous. Solutions. You can see a reason code 11. When a customer decides to dispute a charge made to their debit or credit card, it is referred to as a chargeback. Reason Code P04 – Charge Processed As Credit. 2 EMV Liability Shift. Review your credit card processor’s policies to understand its chargeback dispute process. Only an issuer can initiate the chargeback process. A reason code is an alphanumeric code that explains the reason behind the dispute. Reason codes are alphanumeric codes that provide the justification for granting a chargeback. 4. This chargeback will include a description that provides additional information: Digital Goods $25 or Less. For instance, if the customer claims unauthorized purchase, your letter should cite evidence, such as an IP address matching previous purchases, to support. Reason. There are a variety of issues that can serve as the root causes of a chargeback, ranging from fraud to improper card processing to dissatisfaction with the quality of the goods or services provided. Jan 2020_Chargeback Reason Code Encyclopedia - Free download as PDF File (. Standard Threshold: Reaching a chargeback ratio of 0. Fraudulent TransactionsA chargeback reason code is a 2-to-4-digit alphanumeric code given by the issuing bank tangled in a chargeback. However, they don’t address the reason why that chargeback was issued in the first place. Customer Dispute. • Chargeback Reason Code – Each chargeback contains a reason code that signifies the reason for the dispute and the rules that must be followed by the issuer and the merchant in order to resolve the dispute. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be reversed. Merchant processed transaction below floor limit without authorization. 4 (Other Fraud - Card Absent Environment), which is under the fraud category. If you leave this processing. A stored code P0604 should be considered. NACHA Return Status Codes. Blog Read helpful tips, industry insights, and articles to create the most effective chargeback management strategy. 6. Here’s how. See our Automated Clearing House (ACH) support article if you are looking for ACH Return Codes. This ranges anywhere from roughly 60 to 90 days after purchase. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20 days to respond to the chargeback. This liability shift essentially provides merchants. 0: Updated report version from 1. During this process, the representative of the institution examines the reasons’ list. com Europe. United States. 0 hour of labor. The main chargeback reasons look like this: Malicious fraud. P03, P04: Credit/Debit Presentment Error:. It also has a multiplier effect that extends damages well beyond the amount of the disputed charge in question. 2. Expired Chargeback Protection Period. The shorthand description is “Late Presentment. Oftentimes, the reason code assignment is based on limited knowledge and insight. Here are the two possible scenarios: 1. The following are some examples: Visa Reason Code 13. Then they instruct the merchant’s acquiring bank to reverse the transaction and withdraw the funds from the merchant account. Thus, the easiest way to prevent chargeback reason code 75 from being. reasonable and that the transaction did not exceed this amount range. Visa chargeback reason code 11. This reason code indicates that the merchant processed a transaction without first obtaining a correct and valid authorization approval. There are 151 chargeback reason codes across the four major card networks. Find every single American Express Chargeback Reason Code, as well as information to help you prevent and win American Express dispute cases. Overall returns (all codes): 15%. Chargeback reason code 11. pdf), Text File (. FAQ: What remains Chargeback Representment? TIPS. the Chargeback. . The newer system is designed to. 41 4841 Cancelled Recurring Transaction 53 4853 Not as Described or Defective Merchandise 57 4840 Fraudulent Multiple Transactions 62 4870/4871 Counterfeit Transaction Being familiar with the potential chargeback reason codes gives recurringThere are plenty of reasons as to why this would happen, hence the many. (Visa chargeback reason code 10. If the cardholder is using the chargeback process incorrectly — a practice commonly referred to as “friendly” fraud — the information provided to the bank. Try Shopify free for 3 days, no credit card required. Mastercard Chargeback Reason Code 73: Duplicate Transaction. American Express . 5 Categories of Visa Chargeback Reason Codes. When a cardholder disputes a charge, their issuing bank will review the transaction and decide if. When one cardholder initiates a dispute with their issuing bank, a. This information should be based on the Visa chargeback reason codes assigned to the case. Specify the default reason code that you want the system to assign when you enter a chargeback amount. Reason Code 02. 2. Each chargeback has a chargeback reason code assigned to it, which is a two-digit number that corresponds to the reason the customer is disputing the charge. 4807 Warning Bulletin File. The usual period that card networks will accept chargeback disputes is up to 120 days from the date of the settlement for the charge. Visa reason code 53 is used for Chargeback for Defective/Not as Described, and reason code 85 is used for Credit Not Processed. 3. WEX began issuing chip cards in Q4, 2020. Assemble Your Evidence. If you’re not, there’s a good chance you’re about to see a high volume of chargebacks with “fraud” reason codes come pouring in. Consider Deadlines. The reason code also presents a timeline to fight the chargeback and what evidence is needed to reverse the chargeback. Description. Articles; Chargeback Reason Codes;. 103. High Level Visa Chargeback Dispute Flow. Additionally, Amex uses a fifth "Miscellaneous" category. The cardholder does not recognize the Merchant. ”. To avoid this, issuers can identify their chip cards using the Service Code field with a first byte value of 2 or 6. These codes can help a merchant with an inquiry or chargeback reversal. It should ultimately help prevent fraud and unwarranted chargebacks, specifically applying to disputes marked with a Visa reason code 10. Depending on the reason code, supporting documentation may include: Copies of the order confirmation, invoice, or receipt; Proof of. The chargeback filing period for cardholders is usually 120 days. If you're contesting a chargeback, you'll need solid evidence. Mastercard chargeback reason code 4853 falls under the “Cardholder Disputes” category. Dispute Best Practices Guide Overview This guide includes: An overview of authorization and transaction processing An overview of retrievals and chargebacks Reason code guidelines for all. . Automate Tasks & Streamline Processes Let Midigator remove complexities and improve the efficiency of your chargeback management strategy. VCR tables (Figures 1 and 2) map the old Reason Code to its new Reason Code. 3. Chargeback Reason Codes; BIN Lookup; ROI Tool; Company. Additionally, Amex uses a fifth "Miscellaneous" category. Be sure to communicate with the customer and their bank professionally and courteously. The Time Frame charts in this guide indicate the reason codes, allowable time frames for chargeback processing and type of chargeback. Let’s say you got a Visa chargeback with reason code 13. Reason codes. Banks, however, categorize chargebacks or disputes depending on the card used when a chargeback occurs. 3 may be able to represent the transaction and reverse the chargeback with the right compelling evidence. Friendly fraud. And, each code has unique compelling evidence requirements if you choose to fight. 0 initiative to update compelling evidence requirements for dispute reason code 10. First, after a cardholder contacts the bank to inquire about a transaction, the bank uses VROL to pull detailed transaction information. 800. This chargeback occurs when merchants do not adequately provide currency information. In this instance, the cardholder claims a misrepresentation of the order they received, such as a defect, damage, counterfeit, or incomplete merchandise. When a customer who's enrolled with 3-D Secure from their bank initiates a purchase, the tool will deploy during the. You can be inducted into both programs at the same time. American Express chargeback reason codes, much like Discover, bear one important difference from those under Visa and Mastercard: the issuing bank is also the card network. In addition to Reason Codes changing as a result of the VCR program, each Reason Code is now associated with a new Reason Category. It gets worse. A reason code will be provided. Step 1: The cardholder disputes a charge. The networks say merchants have a 45-day response window, but the Chase credit card chargeback time limit for merchants is 39 days. At the same time, your account is debited for the chargeback amount, and the. • Section 4: Chargeback Reason Codes—Contains detailed information on the reason codes for the most common types of chargebacks that merchants receive. Each chargeback reason code has its own set of specific documentation requirements so merchants should familiarize. A02 No Valid Authorization. American Express Chargeback Reason Codes have four main categories, those are Fraud, Authorization, Processing Error, Card Member Disputes and Miscellaneous. ”. Reason Codes Category 4: Processing Errors. 7: Defective goods and services: C32: RM: 13. Mastercard: n/a This chargeback is caused by Authorization. This definitive guide include the chargeback base codes from each away and four more card networks. 1. This definitive guide comes that chargeback reason codes from jeder of of four majority card networks. With an eCommerce transaction, 3-D Secure technology works like an online PIN code. 4. 4853 – Cardholder Dispute – Goods or Services Not as Described or Defective. In some cases it can be upwards of 540 days, though, depending on. Partnerships; Integrations; About. 1: Use the corresponding dates from the invoice. To subscribe and learn more about the free online chargeback management system, or contact Chase Paymentech Client Services at 1. The system does not accept blank as a value, even if it is defined in the user defined code table. Upfront Chargeback If we determine we have sufficient information to pursue a Chargeback, we may debit your account up front. About American Express chargeback reason codes. Each of the major card brands, including Visa, Mastercard, and others, have their own system of reason codes. txt) or read online for free. This means that it will require merchants to provide evidence supporting their claim that a transaction was authorized by the cardholder. American Express chargeback reason codes are divided into five categories: authorization, cardmember disputes, fraud, processing errors, and miscellaneous. MASTERCARD. The reason for the dispute was false or inaccurate. Even though these codes are not detailed enough, they are crucial when it comes to successfully preventing and fighting chargebacks. This can be transaction receipts, proof of. Blog and Articles; Success Stories; Chargeback Reason Codes; BIN Look-up; eGuides the Reports; Webinars; Knowledgebase; Online; Partners. 04/20/13 Visa and MC Retrieval Codes — removed retired codes MC Reason Code 37Amex uses the same four main categories as Visa to organize its reason codes: Authorization, Card Member Disputes (which Visa refers to as Consumer Disputes), Fraud, and Processing Errors. For perspective, the next highest. The most common chargeback reason codes are fraudulent charges, unauthorized transactions, and products not received, however, there are dozens of different chargeback reason codes for cardholders to choose from. 5158. These are all the known American Express chargeback codes. dispute successfully and on time, we’ll undo the Chargeback. The chargeback reason codes were created to standardize the list of acceptable reasons a bank may submit a card chargeback or a direct debit chargeback on behalf of its customer. According to Nilson, 56% of global card transactions were done on Visa in 2015. Not only that, but a higher win rate may incentivize banks to conduct greater due diligence before filing a chargeback in the future. Amex uses the same four main categories as Visa to organize its reason codes: Authorization, Card Member Disputes (which Visa refers to as Consumer Disputes), Fraud, and Processing Errors. Chargeback prevention strategies vary based on the reason for the. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be reversed. The chargeback period, or the time limit for filing a chargeback, depends on the card scheme and the chargeback reason code. Chargeback reason American Express reason code Discover reason code Mastercard reason code Visa reason code; Cancelled subscription: C28: NF: 4841: 13. 4: Other Fraud–Card-Absent Environment.